Venus

Venus, Venus is one of the four terrestrial planets, this means it has a rocky body. Venus, often referred to as earth sister, or twin, this because it is very much alike on some part, but it is also completely different on other parts. It is the thirth planet after Mercury, the diameter of Venus is very much like earth, it is about 12,000 km, which is only about 500 km smaller than earth. it's mass is about 82% of earth. Although the two planets have about the same mass and diameter the atmoshphere is not like earth. The atmosphere of Venus exists for about 97% of carbon dioxide the other 3% is mostly nitrogen. The Geography of Venus is pretty interesting, this because most of the surface of Venus is covered in volcanic plains, which still erupt these days, this becuase of all the sulfur that has been detected in the atmoshphere. These volcanic plains cover up about 70% of the surface of Venus, the remaining 30% is filled with two continents, one at the top and on just under the equator. The one at the top is called Ishtar Terra (named after the bablyonian goddess of love) it is about the size fo Australia. A notable difference between Venus and the Earth is the dense atmoshpere Venus contains. It is about 90 times as dense as Earth. the pressure at the surface of Venus is equivelant to being 1 kilometer under the sea. Because of this density and the many carbon dioxide an sulfur oxide there are on Venus this creates a very strong greenhouse effect which warms Venus to heats of 460 °C. This effect started about 600 million to several billion years ago. There used to be water on the surface of Venus, when this evaporated in the course of millions of years, greenhouse gasses started to arise, because of the reaction with gas water. It is possible that organisms have lived on Venus millions of years ago, although there hasn't been found any prove, but it was certainly possible. Venus has a gravitational force of 8.87 m/s^2, it has a distance to the sun of 108,200,200 km. It has a radius of 6,052 km and the surface is 460,234,317 km^2 the weight of Venus is 4,867*10^24.
 

Some facts about Venus
A day on Venus lasts longer than a year:
It takes 243 Earth days to make rotate once on its axis. The planet’s orbit around the Sun takes 225 Earth days, compared to the Earth’s 365.
 Venus rotates counter-clockwise:
Also known as retrograde rotation. A possible reason might be a collision in the past with an asteroid or other object that caused the planet to alter its rotational path. It also differs from most other planets in our solar system by having no natural satellites.
Venus is the second brightest object in the night sky:
Only the Moon is brighter. With a magnitude of between -3.8 to -4.6 Venus is so bright it can be seen during daytime on a clear day.
Atmospheric pressure on Venus is 92 times greater than the Earth’s:
While its size and mass are similar to Earth, the small asteroids are crushed when entering its atmosphere, meaning no small craters lie on the surface of the planet. The pressure felt by a human on the surface would be equivalent to that experienced deep beneath the sea on Earth.
Venus is also known as the Morning Star and the Evening Star:
Early civilisations thought Venus was two different bodies, called Phosphorus and Hesperus by the Greeks, and Lucifer and Vesper by the Romans. This is because when its orbit around the Sun overtakes Earth’s orbit, it changes from being visible after sunset to being visible before sunrise. Mayan astronomers made detailed observations of Venus as early as 650 AD.
Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system:
The average surface temperature is 462 °C, and because Venus does not tilt on its axis, there is no seasonal variation. The dense atmosphere of around 96.5 percent carbon dioxide traps heat and causes a greenhouse effect.
A detailed study of Venus is currently underway:
In 2006, the Venus Express space shuttle was sent into orbit around Venus by the European Space Agency, and is sending back information about the planet. Originally planned to last five hundred Earth days, the mission has been extended several times. More than 1,000 volcanoes or volcanic centres larger than 20 km have been found on the surface of Venus.
The Russians sent the first mission to Venus:
The Venera 1 space probe was launched in 1961, but lost contact with base. The USA also lost their first probe to Venus, Mariner 1, although Mariner 2 was able to take measurements of the planet in 1962. The Soviet Union’s Venera 3 was the first man-made craft to land on Venus in 1966.
At one point it was thought Venus might be a tropical paradise:
The dense clouds of sulphuric acid surrounding Venus make it impossible to view its surface from outside its atmosphere. It was only when radio mapping was developed in the 1960s that scientists were able to observe and measure the extreme temperatures and hostile environment. It is thought Venus did once have oceans but these evaporated as the planets temperature increased